மக்கள் கவிஞர்
பட்டுக்கோட்டை கல்யாணசுந்தரம்
Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram: 1930 - 1959
"சின்னப் பயலே, சின்னப் பயலே...ஆளும் வளரணும்
அறிவும் வளரணும்.. ... நரம்போடு தான் பின்னி வளரனும், தன்மான
உணர்ச்சி.."
"Padittha Penn (1954) was
the first film to feature a song written by Pattukottai
Kalyanasundaram During a short span of a little over nine
years he had written 196 songs featured in 56 films. His
work in the film Paasavalai made him a top-ranking lyricist.
His other famous films include Kalyanaparisu(1963). The
Government of Tamil Nadu nationalised his songs in 1955."
Pattukottai Kalyanasundaram (1930-1959)
"...திரைப் பட கவிஞர்களில் இவரைப் போன்ற
சமூக மறுமலர்ச்சி மக்கள் கவிஞரை, புதிய சமதர்ம சமுதாய
இலட்சியக் கவிஞரை நாம் கண்டதில்லை..."
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Remembering Poet Paddukoddai Kalyanasundaram
on his 75th Birth Anniversary
Sachi Sri Kantha,
8 July 2005
Aram
paaduthal [Pricking with a curse by verse, in response
to an insult] was an age-old tradition in Tamil literary
theater. Even the powerful kings, chieftains and patrons
trembled at the thought of being a recipient of a curse
from a learned poet. It is believed that the Goddess of
Learning (Kalai Magal/Saraswathi) resided at the tongues
of learned and sincere poets. Can this be true, in
reality? One could never fathom the truth of past events
clouded in historical mist, but anecdotes abound in
Tamil literature about great medieval poets Kambar,
Avvayar and Kaalameham who, when insulted had sung aram
songs on those who insulted them.
The word Aram, though having multiple meanings in Tamil,
in this context translates as ‘file’ or ‘rasp’,
indicating that the intended verse functions like a file
or rasp to corrode the power, pride and dignity of the
intended recipient of such a curse verse.
Last year I received a complimentary copy of a
felicitation volume of 262 pages, published for Chelliah
Rajadurai, and printed by Manimekalai Pirasuram,
Chennai. Rajadurai, a Federal Party stalwart in the
1950s and 1960s in East Eelam, became a minister in the
UNP Cabinet of J.R.Jayewardene in 1979, and retired from
island politics in 1989. Thus, the felicitation volume
has a ‘half-baked’ quality.
Though tens of
photos show Rajadurai in the company of political, religious and
Tamil cine-world celebrities, including one with Yasser Arafat! But
not a single photo of Rajadurai with his political mentor
S.J.V.Chelvanayakam or other fellow Federal Party leaders had been
included. As an aside, I should mention that Mr.Rajadurai’s elder
son Ravindran was a class-mate of mine at the Colombo Hindu College,
Ratmalana, in 1966.
For some
reason, the publication date for this felicitation volume of
Rajadurai is also notably missing. But from a congratulatory message
presented by DMK leader M.Karunanidhi, who was then the Chief
Minister of Tamil Nadu which carried the date December 12, 1997, one
could infer that this particular felicitation volume should have
appeared in 1998 or later.
One particular contribution [pp.156-158] in this Rajadurai
felicitation volume, by Nanjil Sivaraman [who if I’m not wrong was a
make-up artist in the Tamil movie world], attracted my attention. In
this contribution, Sivaraman had provided an interesting anecdote
concerning the aram song of poet Pattukoddai Kalyanasundaram.
Presented below is the English translation of what Sivaraman had
written in Tamil. This incident should have happened in Chennai in
the first half of 1950s. Poet Kalyanasundaram, born on April 13,
1930, would have been in his early 20s then. To quote,
“In his
struggling early days as a movie lyricist, poet Paddukoddai
Kalyanasundaram faced tough times. He approached a movie company
repeatedly, soliciting opportunity to write lyrics. That movie
company’s mogul ignored the poet repeatedly, with a scowl, ‘Come
tomorrow; Come tomorrow’. The poet was angered, and he looked
around and located an empty cigarette packet. Kalyanasundaram
ripped it open, and wrote an impromptu derisive curse verse
(aram song).
“Thaayaal
Piranthaen – Thamizhaal Valarnthaen
Naaye – Nee Yaar – NaaLai Vaa Venru Solvatharku
NaaLai Unai – Nadu Theruvil Santhikkiraen Paar.”
[Note by
Sachi: In English translation, the curse verse reads as,
‘Born from [my] mother – Bred by Tamil Who are You – a Dog? – to
chase me to Come Tomorrow In the mid-street, I’ll meet you
Tomorrow’.]
Then, the poet
handed his curse to the guard, with an admonition, “Give this to
your Boss”, and left the compound like an angered sage. The guard
went in and handed poet Kalyanasundaram’s curse verse to Udumalai
Narayana Kavi, who was penning lyrics there, for that movie mogul.
Immediately the sympathetic senior poet Narayana Kavi screamed
agitatingly at the guard, ‘Please call him back – Please call him
back’. The mogul then inquired, ‘What’s the matter?’, for which the
perceptive Narayana Kavi responded, “He has sung an aram [the
derisive curse] on you.” The arrogant boss retorted, “Let him go.
Aram (file) or Muram (winnow). What can he do to me, with his aram
song?”
Subsequently, that particular movie, even though its banner carried
the names of big stars, flopped badly without even running for a
week. Then, I had seen that movie mogul walking in the street in a
sarong and shirt.”
Whether it was a mere happenstance or whether that particular
movie’s flop could indeed be attributed to poet Paddukoddai
Kalyanasundaram’s curse verse, this anecdote by Nanjil Sivaraman
presents two facets of two Tamil lyricists of recognition. The first
is that, the three line aram song of then young poet Kalyanasundaram
[in his early 20s] in which he majestically rhymed the words Thaai
[mother] and Naai [Dog] to insult a movie mogul who repeatedly
chased him away. He had pride in his talent, and felt that his
talent was insulted by a money-bag in the movie land.
Secondly, the
perceptive senior poet Udumalai Narayan Kavi’s anguish in reading
the said aram song of poet Kalyanasundaram is also rather touching.
For propriety, Nanjil Sivaraman has neither identified the movie
mogul nor the flopped movie in his contribution. It is a pity that
particular movie mogul couldn’t recognize the budding talent of poet
from Paddukoddai [in literal translation, the silk fort] who
blossomed into a Paaddukoddai [a fort in songs] within a couple of
years.
For the record, I provide below a chronologically arranged list of
Tamil movies which featured the memorable lyrics of poet
Kalyanasundaram. For 55 movies, he wrote 191 lyrics. The great poet
died on October 8, 1959, at the age of mere 29 years.
Chronologically arranged list of Tamil Movies featuring poet
Kalyanasundaram’s songs (Number of lyrics penned by
Kalyanasundaram are shown within parentheses).
1955
Maheswari (5)
1956
Kula Theivam (4), Padiththa Penn (2), Paasa Valai (6), Rangoon Radha
(2)
1957
Ambikapathi(1), Alavudeenum Arputha Vilakkum (1), Karpukkarasi (3),
Sakkaravarthi Thirumagal (6), Saubaakiyavathi (10), Puthaiyal (1),
Makkalai Petra Maharasi (1), Maha Devi(1)
1958
Anbu Enge?(1), Uththama Puthiran(1), Kanniyin Sabatham(1),
Thirumanam(2), Thedi Vantha Selvam(1), Nadodi Mannan(4), Naan
Valartha Thangai(6), Pathi Pakthi(7), Pillai Kaniyamuthu(2), Petra
Mahanai Vitra Annai(4), Marma Veeran(1)
1959
Amuthavalli(5), Aval Yar?(3), Rathinapuri Ilavarasi(13), Ulagam
Sirikuthu(2), Kan Thiranthathu (2), Kalyana Parisu (8), Kalyanikku
Kalyanam (6), Kalaivaanan (1), Thanga Pathumai (8), Thalai
Koduththan Thambi (2), Nalla Theerpu (1), Paaha Pirivinai (2),
Paandi Thevan (5), Puthumai Penn (2), Pon Vilaiyum Poomi (5), Vaazha
Vaitha Theivam (1)
1960
Aalukkoru Veedu(7), Irumbu Thirai(4), Elaarum In Naatu Mannar(8),
Onru Pattaal Undu Vazhvu(8), Sankili Thevan(2), Paathai Theriyuthu
Paar(1), Mahalakshmi(1), Veerakanal(1)
1961
Arasilankumari(4), Kumara Raja(5), Thirudathe(1), Punar Jenmam(2)
1962
Ethaiyum Thaangum Ithayam(1), Vikramathithan(2)
1963
Kalai Arasi(4)
[sources for the movie list: (1) Makkal Kavignar Paddukoddai
Kalyanasundaram Paadalkal, edited by P.E.Balakrishnan, New Century
Book House, Chennai, 5th edition 1977, 307 pp.
(2) Pattukoddai Kalyanasundaram Paadalkal – Oru Thiranaaivu, by
P.Uthayakumar, with a foreword by M.Karunanidhi, Kalaichelvi
Publishers, Chennai, 1978, 186 pp.]
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