The General Assembly,
Having considered the item entitled "Review of the implementation of
the Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security",
Noting with concern that the provisions of the Declaration on the
Strengthening of International Security have not been fully
implemented,
Noting further with concern that the United Nations system of
collective security has not been used effectively,
Recalling the duty of States not to intervene in the internal or
external affairs of any State, in accordance with the purposes and
principles of the Charter of the United Nations,
Recalling the provisions of the Declaration on Principles of
International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation
among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
Noting the provisions of the Declaration on the Inadmissibility of
Intervention and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States,
Recalling the Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of
International Disputes,
Alarmed by increasing tensions in international relations and the
heightened confrontations that characterize the relations between
the great Powers, accompanied by the policy of competition for
spheres of influence, domination and exploitation in more and more
parts of the world, the escalation to new levels of the arms race,
particularly in nuclear weapons and the danger of its extension into
outer space, all of which pose a grave threat to global peace and
security,
Profoundly disturbed by the increasing recourse to the use or threat of
use of force, military intervention and interference, aggression and
foreign occupation, by the aggravation of existing crises in the
world and the outbreak of new ones, by the continued infringement of
the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of
countries, by the denial of the right to self-determination of
peoples under colonial and foreign occupation and by attempts
to characterize erroneously the struggles of peoples for
independence and human dignity as falling within the context of
East-West confrontation, thus denying them the right to self-
determination, to decide their own destiny and realize their
legitimate aspirations, by the persistence of colonialism, racism
and apartheid supported by the growing use of military force, by the
intensification and expansion of the scope and frequency of
manoeuvres and other military activities conceived within the
context of big-Power confrontation and used as means of pressure,
threat and destabilization, and by the lack of solutions to the
world economic crisis in which the deeper underlying problems of a
structural nature have been compounded by cyclical factors and which
has further aggravated the inequalities and injustices in
international economic relations,
Aware of the increasing interdependence among nations and of the fact
that in the present-day world there is no alternative to a policy of
peaceful coexistence, detente and co-operation among States on the
basis of equality, irrespective of their economic or military power,
political and social systems or size and geographic location,
Stressing the need for the main organs of the United Nations
responsible for the maintenance of peace and security, particularly
the Security Council, to contribute more effectively to the
promotion of international peace and security by seeking solutions
to unresolved problems and crises in the world,
Bearing in mind that the year 1985 will mark four decades since the
United Nations was established on the conclusion of the Second World
War, which had brought untold sorrow to mankind, and should provide
an occasion to review the performance of the United Nations system
over the past four decades with a view to enhancing its role and
effectiveness towards the achievement of peace, security, justice
and development,
Urging all States to take effective measures during the year of the
fortieth anniversary of the United Nations to contribute towards the
amelioration of international political and economic relations in
the interest of lasting world peace and the progress of mankind,
Noting that the year 1985 will also mark the fifteenth anniversary of
the adoption of the Declaration on the Strengthening of
International Security,
1. Reaffirms the validity of the Declaration on the Strengthening of
International Security and calls upon all States to contribute
effectively to its implementation;
2. Urges once again all States to abide strictly, in their
international relations, by their commitment to the Charter of the
United Nations and, to this end:
(a) To refrain from the use or threat of use of force, intervention,
interference, aggression, foreign occupation and colonial domination
or measures of political and economic coercion which violate the
sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence and security of
other States as well as the permanent sovereignty of peoples over
their natural resources;
(b) To refrain from supporting or encouraging any such act for any
reason whatsoever and to reject and refuse recognition of situations
brought about by any such act;
3. Calls upon all States, in particular the nuclear-weapon States and
other militarily significant States, to take immediate steps aimed
at:
(a) Promoting and using effectively the system of collective security
as envisaged in the Charter;
(b) Halting effectively the arms race and achieving general and
complete disarmament under effective international control and, to
this end, to start serious, meaningful and effective negotiations
with a view to implementing the recommendations and decisions
contained in the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the
General Assembly, the first special session devoted to disarmament,
and to fulfilling the priority tasks listed in its Programme of
Action set forth in section III of the Final Document;
4. Invites all States, in particular the major military Powers and
States members of military alliances, to refrain, especially in
critical situations and in crisis areas, from actions, including
military activities and manoeuvres conceived within the context of
big-Power confrontation and used as a means of pressure on, threat
to and destabilization of other States and regions;
5. Urges all States, in particular the permanent members of the
Security Council, to take all necessary measures to prevent the
further deterioration of the international situation and, to this
end:
(a) To seek, through more effective utilization of the means provided
for in the Charter, the peaceful settlement of disputes and the
elimination of the focal points of crisis and tension which
constitute a threat to international peace and security;
(b) To proceed without delay to a global consideration of ways and
means for bringing about a revival of the world economy and for the
restructuring of international economic relations within the
framework of the global negotiations with a view to establishing the
new international economic order;
(c) To accelerate the economic development of developing countries,
particularly the least developed ones;
(d) To implement urgently measures agreed upon to ameliorate the
critical economic situation in Africa which is the result, inter
alia, of persistent inclement climatic factors;
6. Calls upon all States, particularly the members of the Security
Council, to take appropriate and effective measures to promote the
fulfilment of the objective of the denuclearization of Africa in
order to avert the serious danger which the nuclear capability of
South Africa constitutes to the African States, in particular the
front-line States, as well as to international peace and security;
7. Emphasizes the role that the United Nations has in the maintenance
of peace and security and in economic and social development and
progress for the benefit of all mankind;
8. Reiterates that the current deterioration of the international
situation requires an effective Security Council and, to that end,
emphasizes the need to examine mechanisms and working methods on a
continued basis in order to enhance the authority and enforcement
capacity of the Council, in accordance with the Charter;
9. Emphasizes that the Security Council should consider holding
periodic meetings in specific cases to consider and review
outstanding problems and crises, thus enabling the Council to play a
more active role in preventing conflicts;
10. Reiterates the need for the Security Council, in particular its
permanent members, to ensure the effective implementation of its
decisions in compliance with the relevant provisions of the Charter;
11. Considers that respect for and promotion of human rights and
fundamental freedoms in their civil, political, economic, social and
cultural aspects, on the one hand, and the strengthening of
international peace and security, on the other, mutually reinforce
each other;
12. Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of peoples under colonial
domination, foreign occupation or racist regimes and their
inalienable right to self-determination and independence, and urges
Member States to increase their support for and solidarity with them
and their national liberation movements and to take urgent and
effective measures for the speedy completion of the implementation
of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial
Countries and Peoples and for the final elimination of colonialism,
racism and apartheid;
13. Welcomes the continuation of the process within the framework of
the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe and expresses
the hope that the Stockholm Conference on Confidence- and
Security-building Measures and Disarmament in Europe, the continent
with the greatest concentration of armaments and military forces,
will achieve significant and positive results;
14. Reiterates its call upon great Powers to abandon policies of
confrontation which have hitherto given rise to tension and mistrust
and to engage without any further delay in genuine and constructive
negotiations in good faith, taking into account the interests of the
entire international community;
15. Reaffirms that the democratization of international relations is an
imperative necessity enabling, under the conditions of
interdependence, the full development and independence of all States
as well as the attainment of genuine security, peace and
co-operation in the world, and stresses its firm belief that the
United Nations offers the best framework for the promotion of these
goals;
16. Invites Member States to submit their views on the question of the
implementation of the Declaration on the Strengthening of
International Security, and requests the Secretary-General to submit
a report to the General Assembly at its fortieth session on the
basis of the replies received;
17. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its fortieth
session the item entitled "Review of the implementation of the
Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security".
