The General Assembly,
Having considered the item entitled "Review of the implementation of
the Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security",
Noting with concern that the provisions of the Declaration on the
Strengthening of International Security have not been fully implemented,
Noting further with concern that the United Nations system of
collective security has not been used effectively,
Recalling the duty of States not to intervene in the internal or
external affairs of any State, in accordance with the purposes and
principles of the Charter of the United Nations,
Recalling the provisions of the Declaration on Principles of
International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among
States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
Noting the provisions of the Declaration on the Inadmissibility of
Intervention and Interference in the Internal Affairs of States,
Recalling the Manila Declaration on the Peaceful Settlement of
International Disputes,
Alarmed by increasing tensions in international relations and the
heightened confrontations that characterize the relations between the
great Powers, accompanied by the policy of competition for spheres of
influence, domination and exploitation in more and more parts of the
world, the escalation to new levels of the arms race, particularly in
nuclear weapons and the danger of its extension into outer space, all of
which pose a grave threat to global peace and security,
Profoundly disturbed by the increasing recourse to the use or threat
of use of force, military intervention and interference, aggression and
foreign occupation, by the aggravation of existing crises in the world and
the outbreak of new ones, by the continued infringement of the
independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of countries, by the
denial of the right to self-determination of peoples under colonial and
foreign occupation and by attempts to characterize erroneously the
struggles of peoples for independence and human dignity as falling within
the context of East-West confrontation, thus denying them the right to
self- determination, to decide their own destiny and realize their
legitimate aspirations, by the persistence of colonialism, racism and
apartheid supported by the growing use of military force, by the
intensification and expansion of the scope and frequency of manoeuvres and
other military activities conceived within the context of big-Power
confrontation and used as means of pressure, threat and destabilization,
and by the lack of solutions to the world economic crisis in which the
deeper underlying problems of a structural nature have been compounded by
cyclical factors and which has further aggravated the inequalities and
injustices in international economic relations,
Aware of the increasing interdependence among nations and of the fact
that in the present-day world there is no alternative to a policy of
peaceful coexistence, detente and co-operation among States on the basis
of equality, irrespective of their economic or military power, political
and social systems or size and geographic location,
Stressing the need for the main organs of the United Nations
responsible for the maintenance of peace and security, particularly the
Security Council, to contribute more effectively to the promotion of
international peace and security by seeking solutions to unresolved
problems and crises in the world,
Bearing in mind that the year 1985 will mark four decades since the
United Nations was established on the conclusion of the Second World War,
which had brought untold sorrow to mankind, and should provide an occasion
to review the performance of the United Nations system over the past four
decades with a view to enhancing its role and effectiveness towards the
achievement of peace, security, justice and development,
Urging all States to take effective measures during the year of the
fortieth anniversary of the United Nations to contribute towards the
amelioration of international political and economic relations in the
interest of lasting world peace and the progress of mankind,
Noting that the year 1985 will also mark the fifteenth anniversary of
the adoption of the Declaration on the Strengthening of International
Security,
1. Reaffirms the validity of the Declaration on the Strengthening
of International Security and calls upon all States to contribute
effectively to its implementation;
2. Urges once again all States to abide strictly, in their
international relations, by their commitment to the Charter of the
United Nations and, to this end:
(a) To refrain from the use or threat of use of force, intervention,
interference, aggression, foreign occupation and colonial domination
or measures of political and economic coercion which violate the
sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence and security of
other States as well as the permanent sovereignty of peoples over
their natural resources;
(b) To refrain from supporting or encouraging any such act for any
reason whatsoever and to reject and refuse recognition of situations
brought about by any such act;
3. Calls upon all States, in particular the nuclear-weapon States
and other militarily significant States, to take immediate steps
aimed at:
(a) Promoting and using effectively the system of collective
security as envisaged in the Charter;
(b) Halting effectively the arms race and achieving general and
complete disarmament under effective international control and, to
this end, to start serious, meaningful and effective negotiations
with a view to implementing the recommendations and decisions
contained in the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the
General Assembly, the first special session devoted to disarmament,
and to fulfilling the priority tasks listed in its Programme of
Action set forth in section III of the Final Document;
4. Invites all States, in particular the major military Powers and
States members of military alliances, to refrain, especially in
critical situations and in crisis areas, from actions, including
military activities and manoeuvres conceived within the context of
big-Power confrontation and used as a means of pressure on, threat to
and destabilization of other States and regions;
5. Urges all States, in particular the permanent members of the
Security Council, to take all necessary measures to prevent the
further deterioration of the international situation and, to this end:
(a) To seek, through more effective utilization of the means
provided for in the Charter, the peaceful settlement of disputes and
the elimination of the focal points of crisis and tension which
constitute a threat to international peace and security;
(b) To proceed without delay to a global consideration of ways and
means for bringing about a revival of the world economy and for the
restructuring of international economic relations within the
framework of the global negotiations with a view to establishing the
new international economic order;
(c) To accelerate the economic development of developing countries,
particularly the least developed ones;
(d) To implement urgently measures agreed upon to ameliorate the
critical economic situation in Africa which is the result,
inter alia, of persistent inclement climatic factors;
6. Calls upon all States, particularly the members of the Security
Council, to take appropriate and effective measures to promote the
fulfilment of the objective of the denuclearization of Africa in
order to avert the serious danger which the nuclear capability of
South Africa constitutes to the African States, in particular the
front-line States, as well as to international peace and security;
7. Emphasizes the role that the United Nations has in the
maintenance of peace and security and in economic and social
development and progress for the benefit of all mankind;
8. Reiterates that the current deterioration of the international
situation requires an effective Security Council and, to that end,
emphasizes the need to examine mechanisms and working methods on a
continued basis in order to enhance the authority and enforcement
capacity of the Council, in accordance with the Charter;
9. Emphasizes that the Security Council should consider holding
periodic meetings in specific cases to consider and review
outstanding problems and crises, thus enabling the Council to play a
more active role in preventing conflicts;
10. Reiterates the need for the Security Council, in particular its
permanent members, to ensure the effective implementation of its
decisions in compliance with the relevant provisions of the Charter;
11. Considers that respect for and promotion of human rights and
fundamental freedoms in their civil, political, economic, social and
cultural aspects, on the one hand, and the strengthening of
international peace and security, on the other, mutually reinforce
each other;
12. Reaffirms the legitimacy of the struggle of peoples under
colonial domination, foreign occupation or racist regimes and their
inalienable right to self-determination and independence, and urges
Member States to increase their support for and solidarity with them
and their national liberation movements and to take urgent and
effective measures for the speedy completion of the implementation of
the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries
and Peoples and for the final elimination of colonialism, racism and
apartheid;
13. Welcomes the continuation of the process within the framework of
the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe and expresses
the hope that the Stockholm Conference on Confidence- and
Security-building Measures and Disarmament in Europe, the continent
with the greatest concentration of armaments and military forces,
will achieve significant and positive results;
14. Reiterates its call upon great Powers to abandon policies of
confrontation which have hitherto given rise to tension and mistrust
and to engage without any further delay in genuine and constructive
negotiations in good faith, taking into account the interests of the
entire international community;
15. Reaffirms that the democratization of international relations is
an imperative necessity enabling, under the conditions of
interdependence, the full development and independence of all States
as well as the attainment of genuine security, peace and co-operation
in the world, and stresses its firm belief that the United Nations
offers the best framework for the promotion of these goals;
16. Invites Member States to submit their views on the question of
the implementation of the Declaration on the Strengthening of
International Security, and requests the Secretary-General to submit
a report to the General Assembly at its fortieth session on the basis
of the replies received;
17. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its fortieth
session the item entitled "Review of the implementation of the
Declaration on the Strengthening of International Security".
